What you are describing is what’s known as terroir-based versus varietal-based labeling. Most of the European wine countries label wine based on geographical origin. This is also known as terroir-based labeling, which indicates factors like region or vineyard. Geographic labeling came first, long before varietal-based labels. Some of the earliest wine labels show as little as the village it came from. On the other hand we have varietal-based labeling. Many of the wines made from the new world wine-producing countries use varietal-based labels, which was first introduced in California.
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